Current Trends in Bone Grafts

Abstract

Alveolar bone cavities generated due to congenital deformities, trauma, loss of a tooth, inflammatory conditions, infections as well as cancerous conditions usually call for a destructive resection of infected bone tissue. The concept of bone replacement graft has gained popularity given the filling of the dead space generated due to this aggressive course of action. Being performed throughout the world, the principle of grafting is based on the regeneration abilities of bone tissue. Bone materials from the patient’s own body or an equivalent substitute (natural or artificial) are used as replacements for the lost bones.

Objective: To perform the procedure of bone grafting successfully and to achieve the desired results, a thorough understanding of bone biology and its constituents is of utmost importance.

Conclusion: The future of dental bone grafting and dental implants lies in the development of hybrid grafts that combine growth factors and living osteogenic cells, such as bone substitutes that can release bone morphogenic proteins or platelet-derived growth factors in a controlled manner, gene modifying drugs, and science in biochemistry, engineering, and nanotechnology.